![]() Research shows that healthcare workers (HCWs) play a key role in promoting vaccines. In recent years, especially rates for the second dose of measles-containing vaccine have dropped below 90%. This article focuses on a paradigmatic case of this trend: Austria, where vaccinations are voluntary and free, yet VH is comparatively high and a total of 151 measles cases occurred in 2019. Though the vaccine is considered particularly effective, dropping numbers of combined MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) 1 vaccinations highlight the negative shift perceived in public attitudes towards vaccines as a public health intervention. Within this field, uptake of vaccinations against measles disease is often cited as “the canary in the coal mine” for the overall state of national vaccination programs. This puts the study of VH on par with the research, development, and distribution of vaccines as core public health concerns. In 2019, the World Health Organization identified vaccine hesitancy (VH) as one of the “10 Threats to Global Health” in light of increasing reluctance or refusal to vaccinate and a surge in cases of vaccine-preventable diseases. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. ![]() Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.
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